Mistakes in database design can spell long-term issues that jeopardize efficiency and effectiveness. For online transaction processing (OLTP), in which many transactions must be executed concurrently, throughput and speed are key. Good database design is essential to achieve these goals. If a database is not designed to deal with large amounts of data, queries can potentially take hours and cause websites to crash or fail to load, with disastrous effects in fields such as healthcare, finance, and government. Everything from data redundancy, lack of documentation, and failure to protect data integrity can fall through the cracks in the design planning
